Nervous System Multiple Choice Question
Nervous System Multiple Choice Question
Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) about the nervous system, each followed by the correct answer:
What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
a) Neuron
b) Axon
c) Dendrite
d) Synapse
Answer: a) Neuron
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
a) Axon
b) Cell body
c) Dendrites
d) Myelin sheath
Answer: c) Dendrites
Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?
a) Autonomic nervous system
b) Sympathetic nervous system
c) Parasympathetic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system
Answer: d) Somatic nervous system
What is the role of myelin sheath in the nervous system?
a) Transmit signals faster
b) Protect the neuron
c) Store neurotransmitters
d) Connect neurons
Answer: a) Transmit signals faster
Which cells are responsible for producing myelin in the central nervous system?
a) Schwann cells
b) Astrocytes
c) Microglia
d) Oligodendrocytes
Answer: d) Oligodendrocytes
What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?
a) Voluntary muscle control
b) Sensory perception
c) Involuntary body functions
d) Cognitive processing
Answer: c) Involuntary body functions
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in muscle contraction?
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) Acetylcholine
d) GABA
Answer: c) Acetylcholine
What structure carries signals away from the neuron’s cell body?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Synapse
d) Nucleus
Answer: b) Axon
Which part of the brain is involved in regulating heart rate and breathing?
a) Cerebellum
b) Cerebrum
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
Answer: c) Medulla oblongata
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for “fight or flight” responses?
a) Central nervous system
b) Parasympathetic nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Sympathetic nervous system
Answer: d) Sympathetic nervous system
Which cells are responsible for producing myelin in the peripheral nervous system?
a) Schwann cells
b) Oligodendrocytes
c) Astrocytes
d) Microglia
Answer: a) Schwann cells
What is the role of synaptic vesicles in neurons?
a) Produce myelin
b) Store neurotransmitters
c) Generate action potentials
d) Receive signals from other neurons
Answer: b) Store neurotransmitters
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing sensory information?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Parietal lobe
c) Temporal lobe
d) Occipital lobe
Answer: b) Parietal lobe
Which type of neuron carries impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?
a) Motor neurons
b) Interneurons
c) Sensory neurons
d) Efferent neurons
Answer: c) Sensory neurons
What is the main function of the cerebellum?
a) Sensory processing
b) Coordination and balance
c) Memory storage
d) Emotion regulation
Answer: b) Coordination and balance
Which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with inhibitory functions in the brain?
a) Glutamate
b) Dopamine
c) GABA
d) Serotonin
Answer: c) GABA
Which structure is the major relay station for sensory information in the brain?
a) Hypothalamus
b) Thalamus
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Cerebellum
Answer: b) Thalamus
Which type of glial cell acts as the main immune defense in the central nervous system?
a) Astrocytes
b) Schwann cells
c) Oligodendrocytes
d) Microglia
Answer: d) Microglia
What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?
a) Generate action potentials
b) Store neurotransmitters
c) Maintain the resting membrane potential
d) Produce myelin
Answer: c) Maintain the resting membrane potential
Which part of the brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions like thinking and decision-making?
a) Occipital lobe
b) Parietal lobe
c) Frontal lobe
d) Temporal lobe
Answer: c) Frontal lobe
Which division of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system
Answer: a) Central nervous system
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in mood regulation and well-being?
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) Glutamate
d) Acetylcholine
Answer: b) Serotonin
Which brain structure is responsible for the regulation of circadian rhythms?
a) Hippocampus
b) Amygdala
c) Thalamus
d) Hypothalamus
Answer: d) Hypothalamus
Which type of neuron carries impulses away from the central nervous system to muscles or glands?
a) Sensory neurons
b) Interneurons
c) Motor neurons
d) Afferent neurons
Answer: c) Motor neurons
Which lobe of the brain is primarily involved in processing visual information?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Parietal lobe
c) Temporal lobe
d) Occipital lobe
Answer: d) Occipital lobe
What is the primary function of astrocytes in the nervous system?
a) Produce myelin
b) Remove waste products
c) Support and nourish neurons
d) Generate action potentials
Answer: c) Support and nourish neurons
Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions such as heart rate and digestion?
a) Somatic nervous system
b) Central nervous system
c) Peripheral nervous system
d) Autonomic nervous system
Answer: d) Autonomic nervous system
Which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with the reward system in the brain?
a) Serotonin
b) Dopamine
c) Acetylcholine
d) GABA
Answer: b) Dopamine
What is the function of the corpus callosum?
a) Connect the brain to the spinal cord
b) Relay sensory information
c) Connect the two hemispheres of the brain
d) Regulate autonomic functions
Answer: c) Connect the two hemispheres of the brain
Which cells in the central nervous system are responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier?
a) Schwann cells
b) Oligodendrocytes
c) Microglia
d) Astrocytes
Answer: d) Astrocytes
Which part of the brain is primarily involved in emotional processing and memory?
a) Cerebellum
b) Hippocampus
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Thalamus
Answer: b) Hippocampus
Which neurotransmitter is primarily excitatory in the central nervous system?
a) GABA
b) Glutamate
c) Dopamine
d) Serotonin
Answer: b) Glutamate
Which structure in the peripheral nervous system detects changes in the environment and sends information to the central nervous system?
a) Motor neurons
b) Sensory receptors
c) Interneurons
d) Efferent neurons
Answer: b) Sensory receptors
What is the role of the medulla oblongata in the nervous system?
a) Memory storage
b) Coordination of movement
c) Control of vital functions
d) Sensory processing
Answer: c) Control of vital functions
Which type of neuron acts as an intermediary between sensory and motor neurons?
a) Motor neuron
b) Sensory neuron
c) Interneuron
d) Efferent neuron
Answer: c) Interneuron
Which neurotransmitter is involved in the regulation of mood, appetite, and sleep?
a) Acetylcholine
b) Dopamine
c) Serotonin
d) GABA
Answer: c) Serotonin
Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for processing auditory information?
a) Frontal lobe
b) Parietal lobe
c) Temporal lobe
d) Occipital lobe
Answer: c) Temporal lobe
Which structure in the central nervous system acts as a major relay station for sensory information?
a) Thalamus
b) Hypothalamus
c) Cerebellum
d) Medulla oblongata
Answer: a) Thalamus
What is the primary function of the spinal cord in the nervous system?
a) Process sensory information
b) Control voluntary movements
c) Relay information between the brain and body
d) Regulate emotions
Answer: c) Relay information between the brain and body
Which type of glial cell is involved in the immune defense of the central nervous system?
a) Oligodendrocytes
b) Schwann cells
c) Astrocytes
d) Microglia
Answer: d) Microglia
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the “rest and digest” response?
a) Sympathetic nervous system
b) Parasympathetic nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Central nervous system
Answer: b) Parasympathetic nervous system
What is the role of the hypothalamus in the nervous system?
a) Memory formation
b) Sensory processing
c) Regulating autonomic functions
d) Motor control
Answer: c) Regulating autonomic functions
Which type of neuron transmits signals from the central nervous system to muscles or glands?
a) Sensory neuron
b) Interneuron
c) Motor neuron
d) Afferent neuron
Answer: c) Motor neuron
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating balance and coordination?
a) Cerebrum
b) Thalamus
c) Medulla oblongata
d) Cerebellum
Answer: d) Cerebellum
Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the transmission of pain signals?
a) Serotonin
b) Dopamine
c) Substance P
d) GABA
Answer: c) Substance P
Which part of the nervous system includes all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord?
a) Central nervous system
b) Autonomic nervous system
c) Somatic nervous system
d) Peripheral nervous system
Answer: d) Peripheral nervous system
What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?
a) Protect the brain from infections
b) Store neurotransmitters
c) Maintain the resting membrane potential
d) Connect neurons
Answer: a) Protect the brain from infections
Which type of glial cell forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
a) Astrocytes
b) Schwann cells
c) Oligodendrocytes
d) Microglia
Answer: c) Oligodendrocytes
Which part of the brain is involved in the formation of new memories?
a) Amygdala
b) Hippocampus
c) Thalamus
d) Cerebellum
Answer: b) Hippocampus
Which neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with the regulation of anxiety?
a) Dopamine
b) GABA
c) Glutamate
d) Acetylcholine
Answer: b) GABA
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