Digestive System Multiple Choice Question
Digestive System Multiple Choice Question
Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) about the digestive system, each followed by the correct answer:
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
a) Circulating blood
b) Breathing
c) Breaking down food for nutrient absorption
d) Excreting waste
Answer: c) Breaking down food for nutrient absorption
Which enzyme in saliva breaks down starches into sugars?
a) Pepsin
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: b) Amylase
Where does the digestion of proteins begin?
a) Mouth
b) Esophagus
c) Stomach
d) Small intestine
Answer: c) Stomach
Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
What is the role of the esophagus?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Break down food
c) Transport food from the mouth to the stomach
d) Produce digestive enzymes
Answer: c) Transport food from the mouth to the stomach
Which cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl)?
a) Chief cells
b) Parietal cells
c) Mucous cells
d) G cells
Answer: b) Parietal cells
What is the primary function of bile?
a) Break down carbohydrates
b) Neutralize stomach acid
c) Emulsify fats
d) Digest proteins
Answer: c) Emulsify fats
Where is bile stored and concentrated?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Gallbladder
d) Small intestine
Answer: c) Gallbladder
Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for water absorption?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Large intestine
Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of proteins in the stomach?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Pepsin
Which part of the digestive system produces insulin and glucagon?
a) Liver
b) Pancreas
c) Stomach
d) Small intestine
Answer: b) Pancreas
What is the function of the villi in the small intestine?
a) Secrete digestive enzymes
b) Absorb nutrients
c) Move food along the digestive tract
d) Produce bile
Answer: b) Absorb nutrients
Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric acid in the stomach?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) Cholecystokinin (CCK)
d) Insulin
Answer: a) Gastrin
Where does the majority of chemical digestion occur?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: c) Small intestine
Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
a) Uvula
b) Epiglottis
c) Esophageal sphincter
d) Glottis
Answer: b) Epiglottis
What is the primary function of the large intestine?
a) Digest carbohydrates
b) Absorb water and electrolytes
c) Digest proteins
d) Secrete bile
Answer: b) Absorb water and electrolytes
Which part of the small intestine is the primary site for iron absorption?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) Cecum
Answer: a) Duodenum
What substance protects the stomach lining from being digested by its own enzymes and acid?
a) Mucus
b) Bicarbonate
c) Pepsinogen
d) Bile
Answer: a) Mucus
Which enzyme breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol?
a) Amylase
b) Pepsin
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: c) Lipase
What is the term for the wave-like contractions that move food through the digestive tract?
a) Segmentation
b) Peristalsis
c) Emulsification
d) Digestion
Answer: b) Peristalsis
Which part of the digestive system is the primary site for vitamin B12 absorption?
a) Stomach
b) Duodenum
c) Ileum
d) Jejunum
Answer: c) Ileum
What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?
a) Produce bile
b) Absorb nutrients
c) Produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
d) Store vitamins and minerals
Answer: c) Produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate
Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Water
d) Fats
Answer: c) Water
Which hormone stimulates the gallbladder to release bile?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) Cholecystokinin (CCK)
d) Insulin
Answer: c) Cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the function of the appendix in the digestive system?
a) Absorb nutrients
b) Produce digestive enzymes
c) Store beneficial bacteria
d) Secrete bile
Answer: c) Store beneficial bacteria
Which digestive enzyme is produced by the stomach and initiates protein digestion?
a) Pepsin
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Trypsin
Answer: a) Pepsin
Which organ is responsible for detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs?
a) Pancreas
b) Stomach
c) Liver
d) Small intestine
Answer: c) Liver
What is the primary function of the hormone secretin in the digestive system?
a) Stimulate gastric acid secretion
b) Stimulate bile release
c) Stimulate bicarbonate release from the pancreas
d) Stimulate insulin release
Answer: c) Stimulate bicarbonate release from the pancreas
Which part of the small intestine connects to the large intestine?
a) Duodenum
b) Jejunum
c) Ileum
d) Cecum
Answer: c) Ileum
What substance is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder?
a) Bile
b) Insulin
c) Gastric acid
d) Mucus
Answer: a) Bile
Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for the absorption of nutrients and minerals?
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Small intestine
What is the name of the sphincter that regulates the passage of chyme from the stomach to the duodenum?
a) Pyloric sphincter
b) Cardiac sphincter
c) Ileocecal valve
d) Anal sphincter
Answer: a) Pyloric sphincter
Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of lactose?
a) Amylase
b) Lipase
c) Lactase
d) Pepsin
Answer: c) Lactase
Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin?
a) Alpha cells
b) Beta cells
c) Delta cells
d) Acinar cells
Answer: b) Beta cells
What is the primary function of the gallbladder?
a) Produce bile
b) Store and concentrate bile
c) Produce digestive enzymes
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: b) Store and concentrate bile
Which part of the digestive system contains bacteria that help with digestion and the production of certain vitamins?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Large intestine
What is the main role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
a) Digest fats
b) Digest carbohydrates
c) Denature proteins and activate pepsin
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: c) Denature proteins and activate pepsin
Which nutrient begins its digestion in the mouth?
a) Proteins
b) Fats
c) Carbohydrates
d) Vitamins
Answer: c) Carbohydrates
What is the primary function of the ileocecal valve?
a) Regulate the entry of bile into the small intestine
b) Control the passage of chyme from the stomach to the duodenum
c) Prevent backflow from the large intestine into the small intestine
d) Control the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas
Answer: c) Prevent backflow from the large intestine into the small intestine
Which part of the digestive system is the site for most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption?
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: c) Small intestine
What is the main function of the rectum?
a) Absorb water
b) Store feces until elimination
c) Digest fats
d) Secrete digestive enzymes
Answer: b) Store feces until elimination
Which hormone stimulates the pancreas to release bicarbonate-rich fluid?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) Cholecystokinin (CCK)
d) Insulin
Answer: b) Secretin
Which organ produces most of the digestive enzymes that act in the small intestine?
a) Stomach
b) Liver
c) Pancreas
d) Gallbladder
Answer: c) Pancreas
What is chyme?
a) Partially digested food mixed with digestive juices
b) Bile stored in the gallbladder
c) Digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas
d) Undigested food in the large intestine
Answer: a) Partially digested food mixed with digestive juices
What is the primary function of the pyloric sphincter?
a) Prevent backflow from the stomach into the esophagus
b) Regulate the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach
c) Control the release of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum
d) Absorb nutrients
Answer: c) Control the release of chyme from the stomach into the duodenum
Which nutrient is primarily broken down by the enzyme pepsin?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Proteins
Where does the majority of fat digestion take place?
a) Mouth
b) Stomach
c) Small intestine
d) Large intestine
Answer: c) Small intestine
Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the absorption of most vitamins and minerals?
a) Stomach
b) Small intestine
c) Large intestine
d) Esophagus
Answer: b) Small intestine
What is the role of the hormone gastrin?
a) Stimulate the release of insulin
b) Stimulate the release of gastric acid
c) Stimulate the release of bile
d) Stimulate the release of bicarbonate
Answer: b) Stimulate the release of gastric acid
Which structure controls the entry of food into the stomach?
a) Pyloric sphincter
b) Cardiac sphincter
c) Ileocecal valve
d) Anal sphincter
Answer: b) Cardiac sphincter
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