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Human Anatomy and Physiology MCQs

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Human Anatomy and Physiology MCQs

Which of the following is the largest organ in the human body?
- a) Heart
- b) Liver
- c) Skin
- d) Brain
  Answer: c) Skin
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
- a) Femur
- b) Humerus
- c) Skull
- d) Pelvis
  Answer: c) Skull
Which of the following structures is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?
- a) Bronchi
- b) Alveoli
- c) Trachea
- d) Bronchioles
  Answer: b) Alveoli
Which of the following is the primary function of red blood cells?
- a) Transport oxygen
- b) Fight infections
- c) Clot blood
- d) Produce hormones
  Answer: a) Transport oxygen
Which of the following is the smallest unit of life in the human body?
- a) Atom
- b) Molecule
- c) Cell
- d) Tissue
  Answer: c) Cell
Which of the following muscles is involved in breathing?
- a) Diaphragm
- b) Biceps
- c) Trapezius
- d) Deltoid
  Answer: a) Diaphragm
Which of the following is the basic functional unit of the kidney?
- a) Nephron
- b) Glomerulus
- c) Tubule
- d) Ureter
  Answer: a) Nephron
Which of the following is the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?
- a) Insulin
- b) Adrenaline
- c) Thyroxine
- d) Cortisol
  Answer: a) Insulin
Which of the following is the part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination?
- a) Cerebrum
- b) Cerebellum
- c) Medulla oblongata
- d) Hypothalamus
  Answer: b) Cerebellum
Which of the following is the site of protein synthesis in a cell?
- a) Nucleus
- b) Mitochondria
- c) Ribosomes
- d) Golgi apparatus
  Answer: c) Ribosomes
Which of the following is the outermost layer of the skin?
- a) Dermis
- b) Hypodermis
- c) Epidermis
- d) Subcutaneous tissue
  Answer: c) Epidermis
Which of the following is the main function of platelets in the blood?
- a) Oxygen transport
- b) Immunity
- c) Blood clotting
- d) Hormone transport
  Answer: c) Blood clotting
Which of the following is the largest artery in the human body?
- a) Pulmonary artery
- b) Coronary artery
- c) Aorta
- d) Femoral artery
  Answer: c) Aorta
Which of the following glands produces adrenaline?
- a) Thyroid gland
- b) Pituitary gland
- c) Adrenal gland
- d) Pancreas
  Answer: c) Adrenal gland
Which of the following is the bone of the upper arm?
- a) Femur
- b) Tibia
- c) Humerus
- d) Radius
  Answer: c) Humerus
Which of the following is the main function of the small intestine?
- a) Absorption of nutrients
- b) Production of bile
- c) Storage of food
- d) Digestion of fats
  Answer: a) Absorption of nutrients
Which of the following is the term for the white part of the eye?
- a) Cornea
- b) Retina
- c) Iris
- d) Sclera
  Answer: d) Sclera
Which of the following is the main component of the central nervous system?
- a) Heart and blood vessels
- b) Brain and spinal cord
- c) Lungs and bronchi
- d) Liver and pancreas
  Answer: b) Brain and spinal cord
Which of the following is the main function of hemoglobin?
- a) Clotting of blood
- b) Transport of oxygen
- c) Production of antibodies
- d) Regulation of blood sugar
  Answer: b) Transport of oxygen
Which of the following is the part of the ear that contains the cochlea?
- a) Outer ear
- b) Middle ear
- c) Inner ear
- d) Eustachian tube
  Answer: c) Inner ear
Which of the following is the name of the process by which cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells?
- a) Meiosis
- b) Mitosis
- c) Fertilization
- d) Transcription
  Answer: b) Mitosis
Which of the following structures is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
- a) Pituitary gland
- b) Pineal gland
- c) Choroid plexus
- d) Hypothalamus
  Answer: c) Choroid plexus
Which of the following is the main function of the liver?
- a) Filtration of blood
- b) Digestion of proteins
- c) Production of bile
- d) Absorption of vitamins
  Answer: c) Production of bile
Which of the following is the term for the junction between two neurons?
- a) Synapse
- b) Axon
- c) Dendrite
- d) Myelin sheath
  Answer: a) Synapse
Which of the following is the main function of the large intestine?
- a) Absorption of water
- b) Digestion of carbohydrates
- c) Storage of bile
- d) Production of enzymes
  Answer: a) Absorption of water
Which of the following is the part of the female reproductive system where fertilization usually occurs?
- a) Ovary
- b) Uterus
- c) Fallopian tube
- d) Cervix
  Answer: c) Fallopian tube
Which of the following is the main function of the pancreas?
- a) Secretion of digestive enzymes
- b) Production of insulin
- c) Regulation of blood sugar
- d) All of the above
  Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following is the term for the muscle contraction that moves food through the digestive tract?
- a) Peristalsis
- b) Segmentation
- c) Bolus formation
- d) Emulsification
  Answer: a) Peristalsis
Which of the following is the primary site of gas exchange in the lungs?
- a) Bronchi
- b) Alveoli
- c) Trachea
- d) Bronchioles
  Answer: b) Alveoli
Which of the following is the type of joint found in the shoulder and hip?
- a) Hinge joint
- b) Pivot joint
- c) Ball-and-socket joint
- d) Gliding joint
  Answer: c) Ball-and-socket joint
Which of the following is the main function of the thyroid gland?
- a) Regulation of blood calcium levels
- b) Control of metabolism
- c) Production of insulin
- d) Regulation of circadian rhythm
  Answer: b) Control of metabolism
Which of the following is the fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord?
- a) Synovial fluid
- b) Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- c) Lymph
- d) Blood plasma
  Answer: b) Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Which of the following is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
- a) Transport of oxygen
- b) Filtration of blood
- c) Defense against pathogens
- d) Production of red blood cells
  Answer: c) Defense against pathogens
Which of the following is the term for the study of tissues?
- a) Histology
- b) Cytology
- c) Pathology
- d) Immunology
  Answer: a) Histology
Which of the following is the process by which white blood cells engulf and digest foreign particles?
- a) Phagocytosis
- b) Pinocytosis
- c) Exocytosis
- d) Endocytosis
  Answer: a) Phagocytosis
Which of the following is the name of the hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles?
- a) Insulin
- b) Melatonin
- c) Cortisol
- d) Adrenaline
  Answer: b) Melatonin
Which of the following is the main function of the gallbladder?
- a) Storage of bile
- b) Production of digestive enzymes
- c) Regulation of blood glucose
- d) Filtration of blood
  Answer: a) Storage of bile
Which of the following is the main function of the urinary bladder?
- a) Filtration of blood
- b) Reabsorption of water
- c) Storage of urine
- d) Secretion of hormones
  Answer: c) Storage of urine
Which of the following is the part of the brain responsible for controlling heart rate and breathing?
- a) Cerebrum
- b) Cerebellum
- c) Medulla oblongata
- d) Thalamus
  Answer: c) Medulla oblongata
Which of the following is the primary function of the spleen?
- a) Filtration of blood
- b) Production of red blood cells
- c) Storage of bile
- d) Regulation of blood sugar
  Answer: a) Filtration of blood
Which of the following is the term for the connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone?
- a) Ligament
- b) Tendon
- c) Cartilage
- d) Fascia
  Answer: b) Tendon
Which of the following is the name of the pigment that gives skin its color?
- a) Hemoglobin
- b) Melanin
- c) Keratin
- d) Collagen
  Answer: b) Melanin
Which of the following is the term for the death of tissue due to lack of blood supply?
- a) Necrosis
- b) Apoptosis
- c) Gangrene
- d) Atrophy
  Answer: a) Necrosis
Which of the following is the name of the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart?
- a) Tricuspid valve
- b) Pulmonary valve
- c) Mitral valve
- d) Aortic valve
  Answer: c) Mitral valve
Which of the following is the name of the hormone that stimulates red blood cell production?
- a) Insulin
- b) Erythropoietin
- c) Cortisol
- d) Thyroxine
  Answer: b) Erythropoietin
Which of the following is the primary function of the mitochondria in cells?
- a) Protein synthesis
- b) Energy production
- c) DNA replication
- d) Detoxification
  Answer: b) Energy production
Which of the following is the main function of the hypothalamus?
- a) Regulation of body temperature
- b) Control of voluntary movements
- c) Production of bile
- d) Storage of memories
  Answer: a) Regulation of body temperature
Which of the following is the type of tissue that lines the internal organs?
- a) Epithelial tissue
- b) Connective tissue
- c) Muscle tissue
- d) Nervous tissue
  Answer: a) Epithelial tissue
Which of the following is the name of the structure that covers the ends of long bones to prevent friction?
- a) Ligament
- b) Tendon
- c) Cartilage
- d) Synovial membrane
  Answer: c) Cartilage
Which of the following is the primary function of the ovaries in females?
- a) Production of milk
- b) Regulation of menstrual cycle
- c) Production of eggs
- d) Protection of fetus
  Answer: c) Production of eggs
Which of the following is the term for the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
- a) Urethra
- b) Ureter
- c) Nephron
- d) Collecting duct
  Answer: b) Ureter